Psychological Perspectives And Strengths And Weaknesses

The aim of this assignment is to understand Psychological Perspectives and analyse what each perspective’s strengths and weaknesses are. Behaviourism: â€Å"Behaviourism (also called behavioural psychology) refers to a psychological approach which emphasises scientific and objective methods of investigation† (Simple Psychology, 2016). This approach seeks to understand all behaviour as a result of either ‘classical conditioning’ or ‘operant condition’. Also, trying to understand what has been learnt to create human behaviour. Each theory believes that different processes are involved in learning; however, both explain all types of behaviour as being the result of learning. â€Å"John Watson proposed that the process of classical conditioning (based†¦show more content†¦The dog had therefore learnt a ‘conditional response’ of salivation to the ‘conditional stimuli’ of the bell. Therefore, Pavlov believed that behaviour was learnt through Operant conditioning is â€Å"Operant conditioning can be described as a process that attempts to modify behavior through the use of positive and negative reinforcement† (Learning Theories, 2017). This theory of learning is associated with the American psychologist Burrhus Fredric Skinner. Skinner believed that the mind does exist, but that it is more productive to study observable behavior rather than internal mental events. He also believed that the best way to understand behavior is to look at the causes of an action and its consequences. He believed that operant conditioning was a form of Reinforcement. Repeated behavior tends to be reinforced or strengthened. Behaviour that isn’t reinforced will be extinguished or forgotten, weakening the outcome. Skinner studied operant conditioning by conducting a series of experiments using animals which he placed in a ‘Skinner Box’. Arguably, the Skinner box is very unethical and is seen as cruelty to animals like rats or mice. Skinner identified 3 different responses that can happen after behaviour: †¢ Neutral operants o These are responses that are from the environment that neither decrease nor increase the probability of the behavior that is being analysed being repeated. †¢ Reinforcers o These are responses from theShow MoreRelatedUnit 8 P1 and M11566 Words   |  7 PagesUnit number and title Level 3 BTEC National Diploma in Health and Social Care (QCF) Unit 8 – Psychological Perspectives for Health and Social care. Learner name Assessor name Kamila Patrycja Zgadzaj Kwame Attikpoe Date issued Hand in deadline Submitted on 5th December, 2014 15th December, 2014 15/12/14 Assignment title Explain the principal psychological perspectives and assess different psychological approaches to study. In this assessment you will have opportunities to provide evidence againstRead MoreThe Integration Perspective And The Christian Psychology Perspective913 Words   |  4 Pagesscripture, Christianity, and psychological principles are not compatible. Instead they believe that modern psychology is secular, scientific, and sacrilegious. However, many Christian psychologists and counselors, organizations and associations such as the Society for Christian Psychology, are striving to unite, integrate and incorporate Christian values, principles and knowledge into modern psychological counseling, research, and practice. Two of the main perspectives that tries to merge the twoRead MoreHuman Ecology Theory And Community Theory1121 Words   |  5 Pagesclusters of people who have something in common. A major social work perspective views communities as entities where citizens can organize or be organized in order to address mutual concerns and improve their over-all quality of life. Througho ut this paper I will discuss four conceptual perspectives of communities. I will cover the following, Human Ecology, Socio-Psychological, Structural, and Functionalist. These perspectives are important for a social worker to understand in order to create changeRead MoreIntroduction to Psychology Worksheet Essay605 Words   |  3 PagesPsychology Within the discipline of psychology, there are several perspectives used to describe, predict, and explain human behavior. The major perspectives in modern psychology identified in the text are neuroscience, cognitive, behavioral, humanistic, and psychodynamic. Describe these major psychological perspectives using two to three sentences each. Type your response in the space below. Neuroscience: Views behavior from the perspective of biological functioning. How individual nerve cells areRead MoreHuman Behavior And Mental Processes1355 Words   |  6 Pagesbuilding a precise framework for the case after evaluating all possible weaknesses and strengths. Continuing, the textbook by Ronald J. Comer titled Abnormal Psychology provides six distinct models scientists use to interpret abnormal behavior and cognitive thinking. In my opinion, the biological model best explains abnormal behavior. This model makes the most sense to me since I look at life through a medical or anatomy perspective. All my life I have taken every science class offered to me so onceRead MoreHNC Social Care Psychology1485 Words   |  6 Pagesï » ¿ How can psychological theory help me to understand the development and needs of an individual? To answer this question I will use the Case Study of John. John is a twenty-five year old adult who identifies the following as his key issues: low self-esteem, low self-confidence, excessive alcohol consumption and occasional recreational drug use, depression and anxiety; particularly social anxiety with members of the opposite sex. To begin understanding the development and needs of John I willRead MoreSocial Worker Perspective On Elder Abuse1535 Words   |  7 Pagesof elderly patients. Strengths: This is a powerful article that provide pattern of behaviors that discern the elements which provoked elder abuse. Weaknesses: This model was patterned after that of child abuse, thus, there may exist other factors not considered when applying it to elder abuse, such as, self-neglect.. Value This article was very helpful in describing some of the problems with communications and opens up a series of questions. Social Worker Perspective on Elder Abuse Band-WintersteinRead MoreSocial Problem Being Explored Is The Low Rate Of Nepalese / Burmese Refugees With Ptsd Seeking Mental Health Services1681 Words   |  7 Pagessocial problem being explored is the low rate of Nepalese/Burmese refugees with PTSD seeking mental health services due to attached stigma for seeking such services. This section will use ecological systems, conflict and social contrustionist perspectives to provide an in depth analysis of the issue. Conceptualizing Stigma The Nepalese/Burmese refugees follow Nepalese traditions and culture. Contextually PTSD does not exist in traditional Nepalese culture. (Kohrt, B. Hruschka 2010) Rather, Nepalese/BurmeseRead MoreThe Theory Of Crime : The Classical View960 Words   |  4 Pagesthese two main views branched many different views to explain who or what may be responsible for crime; known as criminal behavioral theories. Influenced by the classical theory is the rational choice theory, all the other theories; biosocial, psychological, social learning, and social structure is influenced by the positivist view. The rational choice theory believes that when the reward â€Å"rationally â€Å"outweighs the punishment than a crime will be committed. There are two different views on this theoryRead MoreSimilarities and Differences in Sociological Theories of Crime890 Words   |  4 PagesDifferences in Sociological Theories of Crime Sociological theories of crime contain a great deal of useful information in the understanding of criminal behavior. Sociological theories are very useful in the study of criminal behavior because unlike psychological and biological theories they are mostly macro level theories which attempt to explain rates of crime for a group or an area rather than explaining why an individual committed a crime. (Kubrin, 2012). There is however some micro level sociological

Critique Of The s The Lorax - 1004 Words

The story of The Lorax may be animated and exaggerated to the point of talking animals, but in reality, it is true. Destroyed habitats and forests are the products of capitalism. Karl Marx believed that capitalism benefits nobody except the greedy owners who take no consideration for anyone or anything other than the money they are getting from the next sell. Seuss uses Marx’s ideas in The Lorax to demonstrate how capitalism goes from private riches, to exploitation of others, resulting in exploitation of the environment, which Marx would not only have agreed with but would have joined the fight against the destruction of the environment. In The Lorax, we meet the Once-ler, a man looking for a material to create his product, the Thneed. Once he comes across the beauty of the Truffula Trees, he instantly starts chopping them down for his own gain. From here, he builds factories and invites his family to come work for him in order to increase production. The Once-ler states, â€Å"I biggered my factory. I biggered my roads. I biggered my wagons. I biggered the loads of the Thneeds I shipped out. I was shipping them forth to the South! To the East! To the West! To the North! I went right on biggering... selling more Thneeds. And I biggered my money, which everyone needs.† (The Lorax). In the book, a government is never mentioned to get involved to regulate or stop the Once-ler’s business. So this is a pure example of capitalism. Capitalism is when an industry is privately owned forShow MoreRelatedThe Work Of Dr. Seuss1336 Words   |  6 Pages The work of Dr. Seuss is a vast collection of critiques, whimsical thinking, and savvy life learning lessons for both children and adults. This paper considers how influenced the narrative and storytelling throughout Theodor’s vast career. First in his childhood, Sundays in the zoo with his father where animals had too many knuckles. In the same fashion later on, his sketches in Dartmouth College’s rag the Jack’o ‘Lantern. Throughout his career Dr. Seuss wrote about topics close to his heart and

Analysis Of Toni Morrison s Sula - 1631 Words

Halloween, for many, is the best time of year. For some, it’s because of the free candy. But for people like me, it’s the power to express my creative, childhood imaginations and morph into any character for a day. But why can’t I become someone else forever, especially if it would make me happier? For Sula Peace and Nel Wright, in Sula, defining oneself in a pool of racism and varying moral standards is by no means challenging. Through a vivid and consistent emphasis of color and physical appearance, author Toni Morrison effectively outlines Sula and Nel’s attempts to comprehend and create their personal identities separate from the own mothers’ influences. Based on their situations, it appears that anyone can easily alter their character and self to fit their desires. However, Morrison ultimately emphasizes that one does not have complete control over their identity because of overwhelming familial and sociological barriers. Morrison makes it clear that a person’s skin color is an inherent and meaningful quality of their identity. One’s identity is composed of a combination of race, gender, ethnicity, family influence, and several other characteristics. Skin color can allows one to share similarities with those who are the same. Sula and Nel are both colored, and each understands that they are â€Å"neither white nor male† (52). Focusing on this similarity of color and gender is what draws them closer as friends, providing them with â€Å"ease and comfort† and an â€Å"intimacy† (52)Show MoreRelatedAnalysis Of Toni Morrison s Sula1655 Words   |  7 Pagesthe two girls share as a result of their juvenescence--or does it? In Toni Morrison s Sula, this scene, among others, appears at first to be both irrelevant to the novel’s underlying theme and out of place with regard to the rest of the plot. Yet, when analyzed further, the literary devices that Morrison uses i n these scenes bring readers to a vastly different conclusion. These scenes serve as windows into the mind of Morrison and even into the larger themes present in the text. So, perhaps two girlsRead MoreAnalysis Of Toni Morrison s Sula 1906 Words   |  8 PagesSula is written by Noble Prize winner in Literature, Toni Morrison. Morrison’s novels are known for their epic themes, dramatic dialogue, and opulently detailed characters. This novel contains originality and overflows with problematic situations that take place during the time after World War I. Sula opens up in a town called Bottom, which is mostly occupied by African Americans. This town is positioned, in the hills above the mostly white, wealthier community of Medallion, Ohio. This town hasRead MoreAnalysis Of Toni Morrison s Sula980 Words   |  4 Pageswho find themselves questioning. For there are choices and risks in every relationship. There are good and evil in each and everyone. In this time it is the 190 0s set in Medallion, Ohio. Toni Morrison s Sula takes readers on a journey through pillars, betrayals and tragedies surrounding two girls; Nel Wright and Sula Peace. The Bottom originated from a master and a slave. After some arduous tasks, the slave was given a piece of land on top of the hills. This is where the black community settle onRead MoreAnalysis Of Toni Morrison s Sula 1474 Words   |  6 PagesBut what remains the same in a person after all these years? Toni Morrison, in her novel Sula, suggests that our inner selves do not change as much as we think. Through a consistent emphasis on body parts, color, and physical appearance, Morrison illustrates the coexistence of change and stability that lie within each person’s body and identity. Though it appears that people can easily alter their identities to fit their desires, Morrison ultimately emphasizes that one’s identity does not change overRead MoreAnalysis Of Toni Morrison s Sula Essay1804 Words   |  8 PagesOpposite and Similarity Attract in Sula Most of people find themselves attracted to someone very unlike them, a phenomenon called â€Å"opposites attract†. People are usually drawn to those whose personality, characteristics or habits are opposite to them because they are fascinated by the differences and are curious of exploring what they have never experienced before. Throughout history, many writers attempt to explore and investigate the cause of this absorbing human trait by analyzing their characters’Read MoreAnalysis Of Flaubert s Madame Bovary, Toni Morrison s Sula Essay1857 Words   |  8 Pagesbe broken if new circumstances occur. A contract can be voided by mutual consent.† In other words, the bond established by the man and the woman is an ongoing unending commitment to each another. In Gustave Flaubert’s â€Å"Madame Bovary,† Toni Morrison’s â€Å"Sula† and Kate Chopin’s two short stories â€Å"The Storm† and â€Å"The Story of an Hour† we see disloyalty, complex love, misery, unfulfillment and importantly, infidelity supposed matrimony. In the story â€Å"Madame Bovary,† Emma’s marriage is dullRead MoreCritical Analysis Of Toni Morrisons Sula1464 Words   |  6 PagesMorrison’s novel Sula, takes place within a black community also referred to as the Bottom in Medallion, Ohio in the 1920’s. It’s a topsy turvy world. The once-useless land that a white man jeeringly provided for a dark man is currently being transformed into a socially attractive district for white individuals. However, this reversed request isnt only an amusing setting for the novel; it is a fundamental topic of the novel, for as Morrison has stated, Evil is as useful as good is although goodRead MoreSula Birthmark Analysis1007 Words   |  5 PagesThe Birthmark and Sula: Forced Identity Toni Morrison’s novel Sula, examines a wide range of topics, delving particularly into morality, the black female experience, and friendship. The narrative follows childhood best friends, Nel and Sula, as they navigate life in the Bottom, a black community in Ohio. Although inseparable as children, even undivided after accidentally killing a two-year-old boy, they follow divergent paths as adults. Nel leads a life of conformity; Sula does the opposite. AnRead MoreToni Morrison s Beloved : Dehumanization Of Slavery And Its Effects On African Americans And Their Basic Forms Of1268 Words   |  6 PagesToni Morrison’s Beloved shows the dehumanization of slavery and its effects on African-Americans and their basic forms of existence—specifically motherhood. Morrison depicts the strong maternal bond between Sethe and her children. Most importantly, her use of Sethe’s controversial act of infanticide shows the lengths that Sethe will take to protect her child ren from slavery. Morrison’s depiction of Sethe’s motherhood shows how slavery has deconstructed the Eurocentric expectations and traditionsRead MoreLiterary Analysis Of Recitatif1135 Words   |  5 PagesLiterary Analysis Paper: â€Å"Recitatif† by Toni Morrison Many authors write fictional novels about historical events. A common topic written about is the racial integration between African Americans and whites during the 1950’s. Although the short story â€Å"Recitatif† explicate many different themes, the central topic of Morrison’s writing is about racism. Throughout the story, the author expresses examples of hatred between black and white races at the shelter, the different encounters they have, and

Work Health and Safety Act Hospital Environment

Question: Discuss about theWork Health and Safety Actfor Hospital Environment. Answer: Introduction WH Safety Act 2011 was initiated for enhancing safe work practices within the country (Australia). As such, the essay will exemplify and clarify the understanding the aim of the Act as far as an employer-employee relation is concerned in a work environment. In this regard, it will identify a handful emergency procedures within a hospital environment, list activities that are not permitted in a workplace, and as well explain why it is important to identify hazards. Moreover, further contents will contain the importance of the risk assessment process, incident reporting process under NSW government hospitals, role, and responsibility of the WHS committee, a hierarchy of control, workplace safety and incident/ accident reporting procedure. The Aim of WH Safety Act 2011 The famous WH Safety Act is important in that it enhances the provision of an explicit framework for enhancing protection of health, welfare, and safety of all employees within their work jurisdictions. In addition, the WHS Act 2011 also provides health and safety protection to all other peoples who could be affected by the work in one way or the other (NSW Legislation, 2011). Among the groups protected by the act comprises of: employers, employees, contractors, subcontractors, volunteers, interns and experienced students, trainees and apprentices, and out workers. As such, public is not excluded since the general public is also protected by the act since they are either affected directly or indirectly (safe work website). Employer/ Employee Responsibilities for Maintaining a Safe Working Environment Employer The employer is responsible for the provision of workers and contractors with adequate facilities to enhance safety at work. This may not be limited to capital resources but also amenities, hygienic eating areas, and clean drinking water among others. It is the role of the employer to ensure that much consultations are carried out with employees regarding factors that directly impact their welfare. As such, health and safety representation within an organization should include employees so that their plight would be addressed accordingly. An employer has to nominate a senior member of the management team or (yourself) to be responsible for handling workers affairs including health and safety issues within the organization. Keeping relevant and valid information regarding workers health and safety. Such records could include asbestos assessment, biological monitoring, relevant medication information and first aid records among others. Periodically, the employer should organize for and/or engage qualified people with expertise in health and safety to advise the workers on issues that affect their wellbeing as employees leading to effective work/ life balance. The employer should also be able to avail information to the employees in appropriate language about available arrangements about employee health and safety, and to whom they should make any complaint or inquiry. The WHS Act 2011 explicate that an employer should ensure that workers have sufficient information, training, instruction, and supervision that enhance their health, safety and wellbeing at work (Safe Work Australia, 2012: NSW Health website). Employee Although it is rightful to state that an employer has to enhance health and safety working conditions in an organization, workers also have distinct roles that have to be accomplished to realize work health and safety. According to WHS 2011, workers are responsible for the following: Taking care while working to ensure that the manner in which they work does not harm themselves and others. When there is any injury or illness, employees are responsible for notifying the employer within 30 days from the time they realize any concern that could compromise their work, health, and safety. Although employees are entitled to medical treatment or time off as a result of illness or injury. They are responsible for making claims and as well decides to choose preferred doctor and/or healthcare provider. Moreover, when there is a need for occupational rehabilitation services, the worker has the right to select from a list of three (3) service providers. In a workplace, accident victims are responsible for choosing a representative, person to support or assisted in the return to work process. But, the WHS Act 2011 affirms that a legal practitioner cannot be a representative (safe work website). Three Emergency Procedures within a Hospital Environment In a hospital environment more specifically in Australia, the WH S Act 2011 indicate four main emergency procedures: Alert (when there is a possible emergency). Standby (when the emergency is eminent) Response (when the emergency ideally exists and a response is required). And stand down (when the emergency has abated and recovery activities can begin). Activities that are not permitted in the workplace under the WHS Act 2011 Being irresponsible as to the risk of death or serious illness or injury on an individual (Work Health | Safety Act, 2011, 42). Engaging in conduct that exposes an individual to the risk of death, injury or illness (Work Health Safety Act, 2011, 42). Failure to comply with health and safety duty (Work Health Safety Act, 2011, 42). Any person conducting an undertaking should not provide monetary support to representatives in health safety departments purposefully to the person referred to in action (Work Health and Safety Act, 2011, 42) Knowingly making misleading representation to another person about rights or obligation under the WHS Act 2011 (Work Health Safety Act, 2011, 58). Why it is Important to Identify Hazards Hazard identification is important and very crucial in the mitigation process. However, it also enhances the realization and adoption of appropriate measures to control further risks that may occur through the continuous use of new work processes, workers involvement, and equipment (NSW Health website). The Importance of the Risk Assessment Process In any organization, risk assessment process plays a great role in determining effective occupational health and safety practices that are integral in deriving a realistic risk management plan.as such, assessment process creates awareness about the risk and associated hazards thus enhancing the realization of the people who are at risk be it employees, employers, contractors, subcontractors, interns, subordinate staff or the general public. As such, this helps an organization to directly monitor risks and as well monitor the effectiveness of predetermined risk mitigation strategies (safe work website). The incident reporting process under NSW government hospitals In NSW government hospitals, incident reporting process includes the following: Identification of the incident (Work Health and Safety Act, 2011, 42). Immediate action(s) to mitigate adverse consequences notification of the incident into the incident management system (IMS) under categorized relevant incident type in order to enhance allocation of SAC rating (Work Health and Safety Act, 2011, 42). Documentation of incident management system number in the patient medication record is done (Work Health and Safety Act, 2011, 42). Prioritization is done through confirmation of SAC rating hence preparation and submission of reported incidents for all SAC1 incidents and others according to Ministry of Health (MOH) mandates. Investigation of incidents (Guide to the Work Health and Safety Act, 2011). Classification and confirmation of final incident type(s) (Guide to the Work Health and Safety Act, 2011). Incident analysis to identify emerging themes/ trends that contribute to such incidents (Guide to the Work Health and Safety Act, 2011). Finally, action plans on implementation of recommendations based on the action plan. The Role and Responsibility of the WHS Committee The roles played by WH S safety committee mainly ensures that an organization has a genuine representation of workers in health and safety related matters that affect their involvement in the organization. However, the committee is also responsible for assisting to enhance the realization of standard, rules and procedures related to health and safety to be complied within the workplace, and any other function as may be agreed between employer and employees (Guide to the Work Health and Safety Act, 2011). Hierarchy of Control According to WHS Act 2011, the hierarchy of control should be utilized sequentially as follows: eliminating, substituting, isolating, engineering, administering and personal protective Equipment (PPE) (Safe Work Australia, 2012). Workplace Safety: In most cases, enrolled nurses are prone to accidents like: Cuts Infection Burns Others include but not limited to the wrist, ankle and back strains. The incident/ accident report should include the following factors: Hazard Hierarchy of controls Illness Incident Serious injury or illness Actual consequences Potential risks Residual risk (NSW Nurses and Midwives Association, 2013). Conclusion Considering the essay, it is imperative to state that the WHS 2011 is important in enhancing the understanding of how best to enhance enrolled nurse practices within the hospital working environment. In addition, other stakeholders in the respective organization also rely heavily on the content of the act in order to enhance smooth operations and workers health and safety. Indeed the content of the paper is adequate to realize what law require as far as health and safety in the workplace are concerned. References Guide to the Work Health and Safety Act, 2011. Queensland. Retrieved from: https://www.worksafe.qld.gov.au/data/assets/pdf_file/0006/82545/guide-to-work-health-and-safety-act-2011.pdf Safe Work Australia, 2012. Australia Government Website. Retrieved from: https://www.safeworkaustralia.gov.au/sites/SWA/model-whs-laws/model-whs-regulations/Historical/Model_Explanatory_Statement-January2012.pdf NSW Health, 2012. Australia Government Website. Retrieved from: https://www.health.nsw.gov.au/Pages/default.aspx NSW Legislation, 2011. Australia Government Website. Retrieved from: https://www.legislation.nsw.gov.au/inforce/f8df8095-a335-66a0-8828-f33d06042cb9/2011-10.pdf NSW Safe work (Website). Retrieved from: https://www.safework.nsw.gov.au/health-and-safety Work Health and Safety Act, 2011. No 10. Assented to 7.6.2011. Date of commencement, 1.1.2012, sec 2. Work Health and Safety Act, 2012. Legislation. Retrieved from: https://www.legislation.sa.gov.au/LZ/C/A/WORK%20HEALTH%20AND%20SAFETY%20ACT%202012/CURRENT/2012.40.UN.PDF NSW Nurses and Midwives Association, 2013. Work Health and Safety Essentials for Nurses and Midwives. Retrieved from: https://www.nswnma.asn.au/wp-content/uploads/2013/06/NSWNMA-Work-Health-and-Safety-Essentials-for-Nurses-and-Midwives-2013.pdf